Environment-Ecology
Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are a set of 17 global objectives established by the United Nations in 2015. These goals address various social, economic, and environmental challenges, aiming to achieve a more sustainable and equitable world by 2030. They encompass issues such as poverty, inequality, climate action, and biodiversity conservation.
The need for sustainable development arises from the imperative to balance economic, social, and environmental goals. It ensures the well-being of current and future generations by promoting responsible resource use, environmental conservation, and equitable development, mitigating the impact of human activities on the planet and fostering resilience against global challenges.
Sustainable Development is a holistic approach to growth and progress that seeks to address the needs of the present generation without jeopardizing the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. The most widely recognized definition of Sustainable Development was presented by the Brundtland Commission in its seminal report, "Our Common Future" (1987).
The Man and the Biosphere (MAB) program is an intergovernmental scientific initiative with the goal of creating a solid scientific foundation to improve the connection between people and their environments. By merging natural and social sciences, the program seeks to enhance human well-being and protect both natural and managed ecosystems.
Biosphere Reserves is an international designation by UNESCO for representative parts of natural and cultural landscapes across large terrestrial or coastal/marine ecosystems. It serve as special environments for both human and natural ecosystems, demonstrating harmonious co-existence.
In-situ conservation, also known as on-site conservation, involves preserving biodiversity in its natural habitats, such as national parks, biosphere reserves, and sanctuaries. On the other hand, ex-situ conservation focuses on conserving biological diversity outside its natural environment, using methods like zookeeping, captive breeding, aquariums, botanical gardens, and seed and gene banks.